He announced the phase one agreement on Twitter on Tuesday, with high-level Chinese officials heading to Washington for the January 15 event.
Mr Trump said he would travel to Beijing at a later date to discuss a second trade deal which would address issues not included in this agreement.
Mr Trump told reporters in October that a deal had been agreed in principle, dealing with agricultural purchased and limited intellectual property issues.
But uncertainty grew as several weeks passed without confirmation. When a signing ceremony planned for November in Chile fell through, the agreement was left in limbo.
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Earlier this month, both sides said a pact had been reached to reduce tariffs and increase Chinese purchases of US agricultural products.
The president has spent more than a year trying to negotiate the deal, and he will present it as a signature achievement in an election year.
It could potentially help the economy going into the November election.
Earlier this month, the House passed a bill to implement the president's trade deal with Canada and Mexico.
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