"Over the course of the Obama Administration, our military funding was cut 20 per cent while the world grew more dangerous," Representative Mac Thornberry said in a statement.
"While we cannot repair all of the damage done by those cuts in a single year, we can and should do more than this level of funding will allow.
He added: "The administration will have to make clear which problems facing our military they are choosing not to fix."
The president promised a "historic" increase in the US military budget.
Mr Trump said he would propose a budget that would ramp up spending on defence but seek savings elsewhere to pay for it.
He is seeking to boost Pentagon spending by $54bn (£43bn) in his first budget proposal, a rise of around 9 per cent on 2016.
The increase in spending closely matches the amount requested in a white paper by John McCain, chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee.
The controversial orders Donald Trump has already issued
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"We're going to do more with less and make the government lean and accountable," the president said in a meeting with governors in which he said he planned to propose a substantial increase in public safety spending.
“This budget follows through on my promise on keeping Americans safe,” Mr Trump said. “It will include a historic increase in defence spending.”
He told the nation's governors at the White House he will rebuild the "depleted military."
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